Evaluation of Slag Foaming Behavior Using Renewable Carbon Sources in Electric Arc Furnace-Based Steel Production

The influence of different carbon sources, including anthracite, calcined petroleum coke, three samples high-temperature biochar, and a mixture 50 wt.% biochar on slag foaming behavior was studied. slag’s composition set to FeO-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2, the temperature for 1600 °C. effect sources evaluated using characteristics (foam height, foam volume, relative gas fraction), X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis foams, Mossbauer spectroscopy, observation by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping. Different phenomena were found among conventional as single source, coke biochar. Biochar showed most inferior compared other studied sources. Nevertheless, process improved similar results obtained when used. XRD revealed difference between top bottom foams. In almost all cases, maghemite crystalline phase detected at indicating oxidation; metallic iron bottom. Furthermore, in (mixture biochar) presence such phases magnesium oxide (Fe2MgO4) magnetite (Mg0.4Fe2.96O4). Notwithstanding source applied, layer crucible wall many samples. Based SEM/EDS results, it assumed this consists gehlenite (Ca2(Al(AlSi)O7) two spinels: aluminate (MgAl2O4) (Fe2MgO4).